Nepal Context

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Glossary Sources Standards

Banking, payments and foreign exchange

Nepal Rastra Bank's rulebook and what it means in practice: prudential requirements, lending, accounts, the currency regime and cross-border money.

15 guides

  1. Nepal Rastra Bank and the Banking Legal FrameworkWho regulates banking in Nepal, under what statutes, and what are the classes of institution?
  2. Licensing, Ownership, Consolidation and Resolution of Nepali BanksCan a foreign institution own or acquire a Nepali bank, and what happens when a bank fails?
  3. The NRB Unified Directives: A Working MapWhich directive governs this question, which institution classes does it bind, and what is the current version?
  4. Capital Adequacy and Prudential RequirementsWhat capital must a Nepali bank hold, and how is it measured?
  5. Asset Classification, Provisioning and Non-Performing LoansHow does a Nepali bank classify and provision a loan, and what do the NPL figures actually measure?
  6. Exposure Limits: Single Obligor, Group and Sector ConcentrationHow much can one bank lend to my group, and what happens when I need more?
  7. Liquidity, Reserves and Funding RequirementsWhat liquidity and reserve requirements bind Nepali banks, and why does the system periodically tighten?
  8. Bank Governance and Fit-and-Proper RequirementsWho may sit on a Nepali bank board, and what governance rules bind them?
  9. How Lending Is Priced and Directed: Base Rate, Spread, Priority and Restricted SectorsWhy is my rate what it is, and why will a bank not lend for this purpose?
  10. Opening and Operating a Corporate Bank AccountWhat does a Nepali bank require to open and operate a corporate account?
  11. Business Credit: Appraisal, Collateral, Guarantees and the Credit Information BureauWhat will a Nepali bank actually lend against, and how is my creditworthiness assessed?
  12. Nepal's Foreign Exchange Regime: The Indian Rupee Peg, Convertibility and Capital ControlsWhat can be converted, by whom, and with whose permission?
  13. Cross-Border Money: FDI Inflows, Repatriation, Foreign Loans and Trade FinanceHow does money lawfully enter Nepal, service itself, and leave again?
  14. Payments Regulation: PSO and PSP Licensing, Wallets and Digital Financial ServicesWhat licence does a payments business need in Nepal, and what obligations follow?
  15. AML/CFT, Sanctions, Correspondent Banking and the Remittance IndustryWhat does Nepal's AML regime require of me, and what does grey-listing change in practice?

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